Guidelines for a structured manuscript: Statistical methods and reporting in biomedical research journals

the results of their research on human subjects and are accountable for the completeness and accuracy of their reports."Protocols should be considered mandatory before initiating any research project; to help enforce this principle, prespecified protocols should also be available upon request.Planning the study properly requires that authors should have already consulted reporting guidelines when planning a research project (https://www.equator-network.org/).Various reporting guidelines have been developed for different study designs.Famous examples of these guidelines include the STROBE and RECORD statement for observational studies (crosssectional, case-control, and cohort studies); STARD statement for studies of diagnostic test accuracy studies; PRISMA statement for systematic reviews and meta-analyses; CONSORT statement for randomized trials, while the SPIRIT statement relates to randomized trial protocols.When authors submit a manuscript, they are expected to report according to the relevant guideline depending on the research design (https://www.equator-network.org/). Prevent misconduct in reportingIndependent of research design, there are several important principles that apply when reporting results in a respected journal.Unfortunately, some authors choose which data to report and how to report it after too many analyses have been performed.This choice will cause such "creatively minded" authors to deselect the outcomes and analyses that would not fit into what they feel constitutes a "significant manuscript."Data-dredging or fishing is a research practice associated with misconduct that involves manipulating or analyzing data in multiple ways until a desired or statistically significant result OVERVIEW: A structured manuscript according to generic guidance from the EQUATOR Network a Title • Identify value to the reader (e.g., be explicit about patients/ population, interventions/exposures, and if possible, the major outcome of interest).• Please add the research design to the latter part of the title (e.g., a randomized trial, a prospective cohort study, etc.).