The chemical identity, state and structure of catalytically active centers during the electrochemical CO 2 reduction on porous Fe–nitrogen–carbon (Fe–N–C) materials

We report novel structure–activity relationships and explore the chemical state and structure of catalytically active sites under operando conditions during the electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) catalyzed by a series of porous iron–nitrogen–carbon (FeNC) catalysts.