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July 30, 2026Labor History

From guaranteed employment to governed unemployment: trade unions and labour relations in Bulgaria, 1989–1997

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Authors

SRStefan Atanasov Raychev

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Overview

This article examines labour transformation during Bulgaria's transition, showcasing shifting union roles and rising unemployment.

Key Points

  • The article investigates the effects of unemployment on trade union representation and industrial relations in Bulgaria from 1989 to 1997.
  • Analyzed primary and institutional sources including labour-market policy reports and legal texts.
  • Reviewed parliamentary records and industrial-relations studies.
  • Examined protest and collective bargaining dynamics in the context of unemployment.
  • Governed unemployment emerged as a recognized social risk during the transition period.
  • Trade unions shifted focus from guaranteed employment to negotiating redundancy and compensation.
  • The transition expanded institutional representation despite rising unemployment and declining job security.

Cite This Study

Stefan Atanasov Raychev (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a6af4e960e2b924d3ea06ffhttps://doi.org/10.1080/0023656x.2026.2711307
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