Aberrant brain network connectivity related to cognitive and emotional regulation in women with abdominal obesity

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Flow chart of participant inclusion and exclusion process.

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  Fig. 2. Functional brain network components. AUN auditory network; DMN anterior default network; DAN dorsal attention network; VAN ventral attention network; FPN_L left frontoparietal network; FPN_R right frontoparietal network; SMN sensorimotor network; VN visual network. The color bar represents T-values, indicating statistical significance (range: 0–15.3, thresholded at p < 0.05). Coordinates (x, y, z) are in MNI space.

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  Fig. 3. Differences in FC within resting-state networks and correlation analysis. The DMN, VAN, and VN exhibit significant FC differences. The color bar represents t-statistics, with warmer colors indicating greater statistical significance (p < 0.001, FDR-corrected). Within the AO group, VN FC shows a positive correlation with WC (r = 0.551, p = 0.001 × 4 < 0.05), reflecting within-group compensatory changes rather than group-level comparisons with HC. DMN anterior default network; VAN ventral attention network; VN visual network; FC functional connectivity; PCG posterior cingulate gyrus; ANG angular gyrus; PCUN precuneus; IPL inferior parietal gyrus; TPOmid temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus; IFGtriang inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part; CAL calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex; WC, waist circumference.

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  Fig. 4. Functional network connectivity differences between AO and HC groups. (a) Ring diagram illustrating increased connectivity between the DMN and FPN_L in the AO group compared to the HC group. The color bar represents log-transformed p-values (log10), with positive values indicating stronger connectivity in the AO group. (b) Matrix plot showing significant FNC differences between RSNs. Yellow squares represent significant FNC differences (p < 0.05, FDR-corrected), with warmer colors indicating increased connectivity in the AO group. (c) FNC between the DMN and FPN_L is significantly higher in the AO group (95% CI, − 0.30 to − 0.11, p < 0.001). (d) In the HC group, FNC between the DMN and FPN_L is positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.6066, p = 0.0017 × 4 < 0.05), but no such correlation is observed in the AO group (r = 0.0472, p > 0.05). DMN default mode network; FPN_L left frontoparietal network; FNC Functional network connectivity; AO abdominal obesity; HC healthy control; BMI body mass index.