Evaluation of imaging methods in cerebral toxoplasmosis

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease resulting, in most cases, from a reactivation of a latent cyst with Toxoplasma gondii. The disease mainly affects immunosuppressed individuals, such as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-infected patients. Diagnosis is based on specialized antibody testing, clinical symptoms, neuroimaging methods, and histological examination. The gold standard for diagnosis is a brain biopsy, but more often the response to treatment seen in clinical symptoms and neuroimaging studies is sufficient. The imaging features support the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis and help assess the effectiveness of treatment.