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With the further advancement of communication technology and wearable devices, it is imperative to develop multifunctional electromagnetic shielding materials. In this context, we propose a feasible approach to construct liquid metal-enhanced poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-aramid nanofiber (ANF)/MXene hydrogels for electromagnetic shielding and sensing. By leveraging the excellent conductivity of MXene nanosheets, we successfully prepared three-dimensional flexible PVA-ANF/MXene@Ga hydrogels (PAMG) through the three-dimensional network structure of PVA hydrogels and the mechanical reinforcement of ANFs. With the phenomenon of charge polarization relaxation, multiple interfaces are formed among MXene@Ga, ANFs, and PVA, thus enhancing the mechanical properties and electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the hydrogels. The PAMG hydrogels exhibit an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 35.7 dB and a higher water retention capability (with water retention exceeding 60% after 28 days). Furthermore, the hydrogels demonstrate outstanding sensing performance and exhibit high stability for a wide range of human motion detection signals. The research findings indicate that the MXene nanosheet-based electromagnetic shielding hydrogel holds great potential as an ideal platform for multifunctional electromagnetic shielding materials.
Shen et al. (Wed,) studied this question.