A high‐quality haplotype‐resolved genome of Pyrus calleryana provides insights into adaptive gene families

Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana) is a deciduous species native to East Asia with notable ornamental and ecological value, but the genomic resources for this species remain limited. Here, we report the first haplotype-resolved, chromosome-scale genome of P. calleryana. The final genome assembly comprises two phased haplotypes measuring 506.97 and 504.62 Mb. These haplotypes contain 41,234 and 41,329 predicted protein-coding genes, respectively, with more than 97% of the genes receiving functional annotations. Comparative genomic analyses further identified 680 species-specific orthogroups enriched in hormone signaling, metabolic processes, and stress-responsive pathways, among which several LIK1-like genes may contribute to environmental adaptation. This high-quality genome assembly offers an essential foundation for subsequent studies on the ecological adaptability, invasiveness, and functional genomics of P. calleryana.