Status of Natech Hazards in Climate Change Adaptation of Southeast Asian Countries

Global stocktakes reveal that studies on natural hazards triggering technological accidents (Natech) in the context of climate change are limited in Southeast Asia, which is characterized by rapid industrial growth and high exposure to extreme weather. This study assesses the status of Natech hazards, including their consideration in national climate change adaptation policies, and translation to local stakeholders for disaster risk reduction using a case study in Malaysia. A qualitative approach was deployed, combining document analysis and semi-structured interviews in the case study area. The findings reveal that all 11 countries in Southeast Asia are susceptible to Natech hazards; however, only Malaysia, Timor-Leste (East Timor), and Vietnam mention them explicitly in their respective National Communications to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), while Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand reference them indirectly. The results of the interviews (n = 35) in IKS Kuala Selangor, Malaysia, indicate that, despite 30% of stakeholders having been directly affected by floods, fewer than 10% are prepared for Natech hazards. Potential policy entry points for mainstreaming Natech hazards include linking them to regulations on Environmental Impact Assessments and building codes for new projects, plans for climate proofing existing structures, and means for capacity enhancement.