A Radiological Study of Maxillary Sinus Septations Associated with Chronic Sinusitis and Eosinophil Count

Background: Maxillary sinus septations represent anatomical variants that have implications for both surgical procedures and pathological assessments. The procedures for sinus floor elevation and endoscopy face challenges because these conditions lead to problems with sinus ventilation and drainage. The association between maxillary sinus septations and mucosal pathology with allergic markers, which include peripheral eosinophil count, remains partly unstudied. Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted involving 313 adult patients who underwent high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scans of their paranasal sinuses. Septations were assessed based on their laterality and completeness. Mucosal thickening ≥3 mm was considered pathological. Peripheral absolute eosinophil counts were classified into two categories, which included normal (<500 cells/μL) and elevated (≥500 cells/μL) counts. Chi-square test assessed associations between variables, which showed statistical significance at P < 0.05. Results: Among the study group, 178 patients showed maxillary sinus septations. Higher prevalence of unilateral septations, which accounted for 61.2%, and bilateral septations for 38.8% of cases was observed. Fifty-five percent of patients with septations showed mucosal thickening ( P < 0.001). No statistically significant association was found between septation presence and peripheral absolute eosinophil count ( P = 0.298). Conclusion: People commonly experience maxillary sinus septations, which lead to increased mucosal thickening on CT scans. The preoperative assessment of septal structure through CT imaging serves as a vital component for developing safe surgical approaches. The development of chronic rhinosinusitis is due to several risk factors rather than a single inflammatory marker.