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Otto L. Lange, Sabine C. Hahn, Angelika Meyer, John D. Tenhunen, Upland Tundra in the Foothills of the Brooks Range, Alaska, U.S.A.: Lichen Long-Term Photosynthetic CO2 Uptake and Net Carbon Gain, Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 30, No. 3 (Aug., 1998), pp. 252-261
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Lange et al. (1998) studied this question.
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