Menopausal hot flashes: The role of magnesium and select endocrine factors

In conducting this literature review, systematic online searches were conducted by two separate reviewers through PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. Additionally, the textbook "Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility" was used as a reference Search terms included "menopause and magnesium", "hot flashes and magnesium", "vasomotor symptoms and magnesium", "ionized magnesium and menopause", "ionized calcium to magnesium ratio and menopause", "insulin resistance and magnesium", "insulin resistance and hot flashes", "adipokines and magnesium", "adipokines and hot flashes", "ghrelin and magnesium", "ghrelin and hot flashes", "melatonin and magnesium", and "melatonin and hot flashes". Articles were included if they used human subjects, female subjects, and were published in English. Articles were excluded if they were published prior to the year 1990, if they were review articles, or if the article was not relevant to the current review. Quality of the evidence was assessed using the scheme set by the Oxford