IL-17A deficiency or anti-IL-17A antibody treatment protected mice from postmyocarditis cardiac remodeling and progression to dilated cardiomyopathy.
Does IL-17A deficiency or inhibition prevent the progression of myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy in a mouse model?
IL-17A is essential for postmyocarditis cardiac remodeling, suggesting that targeting IL-17A could be a potential therapy to prevent progression to dilated cardiomyopathy.
RATIONALE: One-third of myocarditis cases progresses to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), but the mechanisms controlling this process are largely unknown. CD4(+) T helper (Th)17 cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, but the role of Th17-produced cytokines during inflammation-induced cardiac remodeling has not been previously studied. OBJECTIVE: We examined the importance of interleukin (IL)-17A in the progression of myocarditis to DCM using a mouse model. METHODS AND RESULTS: Immunization of mice with myocarditogenic peptide in complete Freund's adjuvant induced the infiltration of IL-17A-producing Th17 cells into the inflamed heart. Unexpectedly, IL-17A-deficient mice developed myocarditis with similar incidence and severity compared to wild-type mice. Additionally, IL-17A deficiency did not ameliorate the severe myocarditis of interferon (IFN)gamma-deficient mice, suggesting that IL-17A plays a minimal role during acute myocarditis. In contrast, IL-17A-deficient mice were protected from postmyocarditis remodeling and did not develop DCM. Flow cytometric and cytokine analysis revealed an important role for IL-17A in heart-specific upregulation of IL-6, TNFalpha, and IL-1beta and the recruitment of CD11b(+) monocyte and Gr1(+) granulocyte populations into the heart. Furthermore, IL-17A-deficient mice had reduced interstitial myocardial fibrosis, downregulated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and decreased gelatinase activity. Treatment of BALB/c mice with anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody administered after the onset of myocarditis abrogated myocarditis-induced cardiac fibrosis and preserved ventricular function. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal a critical role for IL-17A in postmyocarditis cardiac remodeling and the progression to DCM. Targeting IL-17A may be an attractive therapy for patients with inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy.
Baldeviano et al. (Fri,) conducted a other in Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy. IL-17A deficiency or anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody vs. Wild-type or untreated mice was evaluated on Progression to dilated cardiomyopathy and cardiac remodeling. IL-17A deficiency or anti-IL-17A antibody treatment protected mice from postmyocarditis cardiac remodeling and progression to dilated cardiomyopathy.