Cost Minimization Analysis of Antibiotics and Antacids: A Comprehensive Review

Cost Minimization Analysis (CMA) is a pharmacoeconomic evaluation technique used to compare the costs of therapeutic interventions that have demonstrated equivalent clinical efficacy and safety. Antibiotics and antacids are among the most frequently prescribed medications worldwide and contribute significantly to healthcare expenditure. Given the availability of multiple generic formulations and therapeutic alternatives within these drug classes, CMA provides valuable information for selecting the most economical treatment option without compromising therapeutic outcomes. This review discusses the principles of CMA, its methodology, applications in antibiotics and antacids, factors influencing drug costs, current evidence from published studies, limitations, and future perspectives. The review highlights that generic substitution, rational prescribing, antimicrobial stewardship, and evidence -based procurement policies can substantially reduce healthcare costs while maintaining quality patient care.