Assads' Regime Change: Adoption of the UN Resolution 2139 and Humanitarian Crises in Syria

The United Nations reports that a significant portion of the global population lacks access to life-saving relief items, with one in three people unable to meet their basic food needs. In Syria, an estimated 8.7 million people require various forms of food security assistance. Studies have documented targeted attacks on hospitals, medical supplies, healthcare facilities, personnel, ambulances, and fire trucks. However, despite the depth of existing research, the link between UN Resolution 2139 and the humanitarian crisis in Syria remains underexplored. This study examines whether the adoption of UN Resolution 2139 had a measurable impact on the humanitarian crisis in Syria between 2011 and 2024, particularly in relation to the eventual decline of the Assad regime. Drawing on Structural Realism (Neo-realism) as an analytical framework, the study evaluates the limitations of UN interventions in effectively managing the Syrian conflict. Employing a longitudinal research design and a documentary method for data collection, the study applies content analysis and systematic logical deductions for data interpretation. Findings indicate that the adoption of UN Resolution 2139 exacerbated the humanitarian crisis in Syria and failed to prevent the eventual downfall of the Assad regime. Moreover, the UN Security Council's efforts to uphold human rights in Syria have been significantly hindered by geopolitical rivalries among its member states.