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The results of a study of the sulfur tolerance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with composite anodes containing Cu, , and YSZ are presented. When operating a SOFC with anodes on fuel containing sulfur impurities in the form of at 1073 K it was found that levels up to 450 ppm had no effect on anode performance. At higher concentrations, anode deactivation was observed and can be attributed to the reaction of the with to form .
He et al. (Sat,) studied this question.