Orphan Nuclear Receptors: From Gene to Function*

I. Introduction II. Nuclear Receptors: General Concepts A. Anatomy of nuclear receptors B. Mechanisms of action III. Orphan Nuclear Receptors A. Definition B. Nomenclature C. Structural and functional diversity IV. Novel Hormone Response Systems: RXR and Its Heterodimeric Partners A. RXR: rexinoids B. PPAR: multiple ligands, multiple functions C. PXR: pregnanes, xenobiotic compounds, and benzoate derivatives D. CAR (constitutive androstane receptor): androstanes and phenobarbital E. LXR: control of cholesterol metabolism by oxysterols F. FXR: bile acids receptor V. Orphans in Search of a Home A. HNF4: diabetes and possible regulation by acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) thioesters B. FTZ-F1: steroidogenesis and sexual development C. Rev-Erb: singular members of the superfamily D. ROR: neuron development and T cell selection E. TR2: the testis receptors F. TLX: forebrain development G. COUP-TF: neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and heart development H. ERR: placenta development and control of lipid metabolism I. NGFI-B: hyp...