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This comprehensive review examines the diverse range of uses of gold nanoparticles across numerous disciplines, focusing on their distinctive characteristics in catalysis, thermal conductivity, optical properties, electrical conductivity, and biological interactions. This work emphasizes the crucial significance of gold nanoparticles in the progression of cancer treatment, demonstrating their multifunctionality in the areas of drug transport, photothermal therapy, bioimaging, and diagnostic applications. Gold nanoparticles have demonstrated their utility in improving the accuracy and effectiveness of cancer treatments, presenting innovative approaches to address clinical obstacles. Nevertheless, the research also discusses notable challenges, including apprehensions over toxicity, the influence of nanoparticle size, and potential environmental repercussions. These issues emphasize the necessity of responsible administration to fully exploit the capabilities of gold nanoparticles in the context of cancer therapy. Notwithstanding these obstacles, the review ultimately underscores the profound influence of gold nanoparticles in diverse domains such as environmental monitoring, renewable energy, catalysis, renewable energy, healthcare, cosmetics, and biotechnology. This highlights their capacity to mold the future through inventive and adaptable means
Hossain et al. (Fri,) studied this question.