Key result
Maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy increases offspring heart weight to body weight ratio by ~1.2 mg/g.
Why the study?
Population studies lack quantitative data on peri-pregnancy high-fat diet and offspring myocardial remodeling because human samples are difficult to obtain.
Does a high-fat diet during pregnancy increase myocardial remodeling in offspring in a mouse model?
Does a high-fat diet during pregnancy increase myocardial remodeling in offspring in a mouse model?
Mean Difference: 1.1967 (95% CI 0.6936–1.6997)
p-value: p=<0.05
A maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy increases offspring heart weight to body weight ratio, suggesting a role in offspring myocardial remodeling that is partially mediated by fetal weight.
Maternal high-fat diet may promote early offspring cardiac remodeling in mice; leaves open human translation and requires prospective studies.
Maternal nutrition and health status in the peri-pregnancy period are closely related to offspring health. Currently, population studies are unable to provide quantitative relationships and effective measures of peri-pregnancy high-fat diet and offspring myocardial remodeling due to the difficulty of obtaining human samples. This study aimed to establish the mouse models of maternal obesity and high-fat diet supplementation and deprivation during pregnancy. The effects of obesity, periconceptional high-fat diet window, fetal weight, sex, and placental weight on myocardial remodeling in the offspring were measured by single-factor and multiple-factor regression analyses. Moreover, the relationship between perinatal high-fat diet/fetal weight and offspring myocardial remodeling was explored using the mediation analysis model. The multivariate analysis showed that the heart weight to body weight (HW/BW) ratio of the offspring decreased by -1.6525 mg/g for every 1-g increase in fetal weight. The offspring HW/BW increased by 1.1967 mg/g if pregnant women were exposed to a high-fat diet throughout pregnancy. The mediation analysis model of a perinatal high-fat diet for the myocardial remodeling of offspring revealed that fetal weight had a suppression effect on the myocardial weight of offspring, accounting for 60.70%; also, it had a mediating effect on the HW/BW of offspring, accounting for 17.10%. Moreover, subgroup analysis showed an interaction between offspring sex and HW/BW in a maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy. Additionally, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction experiment further proved that a perinatal high-fat diet could change the important indicators of myocardial remodeling in offspring. In conclusion, this study found that a high-fat diet in the periconceptional period influenced factors in offspring myocardial remodeling. Moreover, maternal high-fat diet deprivation attenuated the changes in offspring myocardial remodeling. In addition, the role of fetal weight in mediating maternal high-fat diet-mediated offspring myocardial remodeling was quantified. Our study showed that a sensible and healthy diet during the perinatal period, especially during pregnancy, played a positive role in the health of the offspring.
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Wang et al. (2022) studied Maternal obesity and offspring myocardial remodeling (n=20). High-fat diet vs. Normal diet was evaluated on Offspring heart weight to body weight (HW/BW) ratio (MD 1.1967, 95% CI 0.6936-1.6997, p=<0.05). Maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy significantly increased the offspring heart weight to body weight ratio by 1.1967 mg/g compared to a normal diet, indicating early signs of myocardial remodeling.
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