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Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative neutralophile associated with peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. It has a unique ability to colonize the human stomach by acid acclimation. It uses the pH-gated urea channel, UreI, to enhance urea access to intrabacterial urease and a membrane-anchored periplasmic carbonic anhydrase to regulate periplasmic pH to approximately 6.1 in acidic media, whereas other neutralophiles cannot regulate periplasmic pH and thus only transit the stomach.
Sachs et al. (Tue,) studied this question.