Childhood Attachment Patterns and Disorders

Pediatricians spend a substantial part of patients’ visits counseling on development and behavior. In many cases, the root of behavioral challenges is the relationship between the child and their caregiver. Pediatricians need to know the signs of unhealthy relationship patterns that indicate the need for more resources other than the usual anticipatory guidance. This article reviews the attachment patterns that a child can form with their caregiver, detailing the characteristics of secure and insecure relationships. This article also describes the conditions in which a disorder of attachment or of social engagement can present and how to identify and properly manage these disorders.