The Role of ADAR2 in the Regulation of the Ionotropic iGluR Receptors Activity (A Review)

Post-transcriptional RNA modifications are key regulators of synaptic plasticity. These modifications can influence coding sequences, splice sites, RNA stability, structure, and mRNA translation and localization. One of the most common forms of post-transcriptional RNA modification in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is the adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) conversion, mediated by RNA-dependent adenosine deaminases (ADARs). A-to-I editing plays a crucial role in expanding proteome diversity by altering gene expression levels and modifying the functions of numerous proteins. In the central nervous system, this process can regulate the activity of neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels. Dysregulation of RNA editing is associated with the development of various neurological disorders, highlighting its important physiological role. This review focuses on the role of ADAR2-mediated RNA editing in modulating the activity of ionotropic iGluR receptors.