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), quantum yield, and circularly polarized luminescence brightness (B-CPL) are examined, alongside the influence of nanoparticle size, morphology, and environmental factors on CPL efficiency. The review also introduces emerging applications in optical displays, stimuli-responsive sensing, multilevel data encryption, and bioimaging, underscoring the role of CPL nanoparticles in developing next-generation photonic and optoelectronic devices. Finally, current challenges and future directions for enhancing CPL performance and practical applicability are discussed.
Gao et al. (Tue,) studied this question.