Quantum-confined Stark effect is combined with a Fabry–Perot resonance to build a multiple quantum well electro-optic modulator. The structure consists of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells between two epitaxial AlAs/AlGaAs dielectric multilayer mirrors, all grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The modulator uses refractive index changes induced by applied electric fields. In reflection mode of operation, the modulator demonstrates >5:1 contrast ratio and >50% absolute maximum reflectivity with 17 V applied.
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Lee et al. (1988) studied this question.
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