Review: subcellular traffic of the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Phosphorylated catalytic intermediate.45 Members of this protein super- family are found in all species from mycoplasma to plants and animals. H+-ATPase transforms the chemical energy contained in the ubiquitous bio- chemical energy mediator, ATP, into the chemio- osmotic energy of a proton transmembrane gradient, which is utilized by secondary transport systems.36 The existence of an electrogenic proton ATPase, which drives transport of metabolites across the fungal plasma membrane, was gradually estab- lished: first by electrophysiological and physiologi- cal observations of coupled proton and metabolite fluxes,