Key result
A combined model using lower limb deep vein thrombosis density ratio, homocysteine, and cardiac troponin I effectively predicted the occurrence of pulmonary embolism in cancer patients with deep vein thrombosis (AUC 0.852).
Why the study?
To identify risk factors associated with pulmonary embolism in malignant tumor patients with lower limb deep vein thrombosis.
Case-Control (n=300)
No
The combination of LLDVT density ratio, homocysteine, and cardiac troponin I can effectively predict the occurrence of pulmonary embolism in cancer patients with lower limb deep vein thrombosis.
May inform PE risk stratification in cancer patients with LLDVT; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation.
OBJECTIVE: To identify the risk factors associated with pulmonary embolism (PE) in malignant tumor patients with lower limb deep vein thrombosis (LLDVT). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 45 patients with PE (observation group) and 255 patients without PE (control group) admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University between June 2020 and January 2025. Various clinical parameters, including LLDVT density ratio, D-dimer, homocysteine (Hcy) and cardiac troponin I (cTNI), were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for PE. RESULTS: The observation group had significantly higher values for LLDVT density ratio (P<0.001), D-dimer (P=0.004), Hcy (P<0.001), cTNI (P<0.001), and Wells scores (P<0.001) compared to the control group. Logistic regression revealed that LLDVT density ratio, Hcy, cTNI, and Wells scores were independent risk factors for PE in these patients. Pearson correlation analysis showed significant positive associations between the LLDVT density ratio (r=0.822, P<0.001), Hcy (r=0.899, P<0.001), cTNI (r=0.890, P<0.001), and Wells scores. ROC curve analysis indicated that the combined model (LLDVT density ratio, Hcy, and cTNI) had a higher AUC (0.852) than individual markers. CONCLUSION: LLDVT density ratio, Hcy, and cTNI are independent predictors of PE in malignant tumor patients with LLDVT. These markers are closely associated with PE severity, which could assist in optimizing clinical management for these patients.
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Junfeng Li (2025) conducted a case-control in Malignant tumors with lower limb deep vein thrombosis (n=300). Combined model of LLDVT density ratio, homocysteine, and cardiac troponin I vs. Individual markers was evaluated on Prediction of pulmonary embolism (AUC 0.852, 95% CI 0.623-0.945, p=<0.001). A combined model using lower limb deep vein thrombosis density ratio, homocysteine, and cardiac troponin I effectively predicted the occurrence of pulmonary embolism in cancer patients with deep vein thrombosis (AUC 0.852).
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