Pseudo-haptics: leveraging cross-modal perception in virtual environments

This paper is an introduction to pseudo-haptics; that is, the use of touch-based illusions created by cross-modal perceptual interactions. Many studies have shown that it is possible to use visual or auditory stimuli to simulate the experience of touch, movement, and force. Pseudo-haptics isis useful in many applications, particularly where the user may not have a haptic device available but where the sensation of haptic feedback is useful in providing information or creating a sense of presence. In this paper, we present an overview of the current state of the literature in pseudo-haptics.