The mechanics of the fluid phase(s) of a soil is discussed on the basis of a balance of momentum for each phase. Saturated as well as unsaturated soils are considered. It is shown that with certain assumptions the balance of momentum for a fluid phase reduces to Darcy's law. The meaning and some possible generalizations of the various assumptions are considered. The form of Darcy's law appropriate to soils whose solid phase undergoes a deformation is deduced.
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Raats et al. (1968) studied this question.