An advanced control strategy for voltage regulation and loss minimisation in power distribution systems leveraging Vehicle-to-Grid technology

Growing concerns over environmental degradation and fossil fuel depletion highlight Electric Vehicles (EVs) as a key solution for cutting emissions and improving urban air quality. This paper proposes a novel Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) algorithm to minimize distribution grid power losses and enhance voltage profiles.By precisely controlling Point of Common Coupling (PCC) voltage, optimizing EV charging/discharging schedules within a time horizon, and incorporating battery State of Charge (SOC) constraints, the algorithm mitigates high EV penetration impacts and reduces peak-load losses.Simulations on the IEEE 33-bus system validate its efficacy: active power losses fall 5.9% (0.3954–0.3721 p.u.) and reactive losses drop 5.8% (1.3592–1.28 p.u.). MATLAB tests across scenarios show the approach outperforms conventional methods in loss reduction and voltage stability. This research underscores V2G’s potential to boost grid efficiency and cut energy costs under diverse conditions.