Introduction: Rationale, Questions, Methods 2. Direct Elections or Political Opportunities? Explaining Presidential Activism 3. The Activism of Indirectly and Directly Elected Presidents 4. To Elect or To Select? 5. The Nature of Presidential Elections 6. Decrease of Political Disillusionment and Apathy? 7. Conclusions
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Margit Tavits (2009) studied this question.
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