The present paper suggests the continuum theory of Tkachenko modes in a rotating two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate taking into account density inhomogeneity and compressibility of the condensate. The theory is based on the solution of coupled hydrodynamic equations for vortex and liquid motion with proper boundary conditions, which were derived for the condensate described by the Thomas-Fermi approximation. Compressibility becomes essential at rapid rotation with angular velocity close to the trap frequency. The theory is in reasonable agreement with experimental observation of Tkachenko modes.
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É. B. Sonin (2005) studied this question.
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