Spectroscopic studies of Er:Tm:Ho:LiYF4 (YLF) and Cr:Tm:Ho:Y3Al5O12 (YAG) crystals were performed, with a detailed analysis of the absorption spectra of Er:Tm:Ho:YLF at 4 K. The dynamics of energy transfer Cr3+→Tm3+→Ho3+ (in YAG) and Tm3+→Ho3+ (in YAG and YLF) were studied utilizing laser-induced fluorescence. Pulsed, free-running laser performance of a freon-cooled Er:Tm:Ho:YLF at −10 and −50 °C, at different current densities with maximum laser energies of 1.5 and 2.25 J/pulse, respectively, was performed.
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Kalisky et al. (1991) studied this question.
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