Second-order orbit lattice parameters are deduced from strain shifts of Pr3+, Er3+, Sm2+ ions substituted in fluorite lattices to be typically 103 cm-1. The radial power dependence of the second-order crystal field was found using the superposition model to be 35 for CaF2:Pr3+, 70 for SrF2:Pr3+. This is compared with the value of 3 expected from a point charge model. Strain-induced angular and radial changes of the ligand field surrounding the impurity ion are determined from the energy level shifts and from bulk elastic compliances.
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R. J. Kennedy (1980) studied this question.
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