For a diffusely vibrating elastic body, the participation of the surface in the general disturbance is evaluated. It is shown that in the vicinity of a free surface a diffuse acoustic field may legitimately be regarded as a sum of incoherent isotropic and homogeneous independent plane waves incident upon the surface together with their respective outgoing reflected consequences. The work contributes to a conceptual basis for the study of acoustic emission signals on time scales large compared to acoustic travel times across the structure.
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Richard L. Weaver (1985) studied this question.