Important factors related to further improvement and extension of optical-fiber transmission system performance are discussed, focusing on repeater spacing, data rate, and optical frequency utility. Relevant progress in optical-fiber loss, semiconductor laser properties (such as output power, spectrum, and modulation speed), low-noise broad-band photodetectors, and optical-frequency multiplexers/demultiplexers are reviewed.>
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T. Kimura (1988) studied this question.
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