Surface markings observed in the brittle fracture of certain frozen rubbers display striking wave-like characteristics. They have been identified as ``Wallner'' lines, caused by the interaction of the fracture front with stress waves emanating from the region of the fracture front itself. These oscillations are possibly caused by the supply of excess energy to the fracture tip. A value of approximately 1:2 is obtained for the ratio of fracture velocity to wave velocity.
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E. H. Andrews (1959) studied this question.
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