Spectral domain iterative analysis of single- and double-layered microstrip antennas using the conjugate gradient algorithm

An analysis for single- and double-layered microstrip antennas is described. The planarity of these structures makes it possible to construct a general spectral representation for any number of layers and to derive the spectral Green's dyad in a compact fashion using a transmission-line analogy. A formulation of the antenna problem in the spectral domain, incorporating this dyad, is coupled with the conjugate gradient algorithm, whose applicability as an efficient way of analyzing a number of microstrip antennas is studied. Results are quite accurate. Conclusions pertaining to the applicability of the method, including effects of problem parameters on convergence rates, are drawn.>