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Resonator-based optical circulators are fundamentally bandwidth-limited by their quality factors. We propose a new type of circulator based on directional coupling between one-way photonic chiral edge states and conventional two-way waveguides. The operational bandwidth of such circulators is tied to the bandwidth of the directional waveguide coupler and has the potential for simultaneous broadband operation and small device footprint.
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Qiu et al. (2011) studied this question.
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