The average daytime behavior of midlatitude blanketing sporadic E is studied on a worldwide basis. The hourly values of ƒbEs obtained at over 80 stations in 1958 have been statistically analyzed to yield the latitudinal, seasonal, and diurnal variations of ƒbEs, and of the occurrence frequency of ƒbEs ≥ 2.0 Mc/s. The results show that ƒbEs varies on the average in step with ƒoE in all seasons at all latitudes, suggesting a strong dependence of ƒbEs on the local ƒoE value during daytime. The occurrence frequency of blanketing sporadic E shows two daytime maxima in local summer and a single afternoon maximum in local winter; further, it exhibits a rather complex latitudinal variation and considerable irregular fluctuations. It is shown that all the main characteristics of daytime blanketing sporadic E can be explained on the basis of the wind shear theory.
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Matsushita et al. (1967) studied this question.
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