Relativistic (Dirac equation) effects in microscopic elastic scattering calculations

A simple relativistic extension of the first-order multiple scattering mechanism for the optical potential is employed within the context of a Dirac equation description of elastic nucleon-nucleus scattering. A formulation of this problem in terms of a momentum-space integral equation displaying an identifiable nonrelativistic sector is described and applied. Extensive calculations are presented for proton scattering from ⁴⁰Ca and ¹⁶O at energies between 100 and 500 MeV. Effects arising from the relativistic description of the propagation of the projectile are isolated and are shown to be responsible for most of the departures from typical nonrelativistic (Schr\"odinger) results. Off-shell and nonlocal effects are included and these, together with uncertainties in the nuclear densities, are shown not to compromise the characteristic improvement of forward angle spin observable predictions provided by the relativistic approach. The sensitivity to ambiguities in the Lorentz scalar and vector composition of the optical potential is displayed and discussed.