at the study areas.The term daybreak song is preferred to "awakening song" as used by Wright (1912 and 1913), Allen (1913) and Nice (1943) because some birds are awake for a time before they sing.Armstrong (1955) found that the interval between awakening and the first song of the European Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) seldom exceeded a minute, but Scheer (1951) found that it averaged 3 minutes in the European Robin (Erithacus rubecuh) , 5 to 6 minutes in the European Blackbird (Twdus me&a), and 15 to 20 minutes in the Chaffinch (FringiZZu coelebs) .We agree with Allard (1930) and
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Leopold et al. (1961) studied this question.
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