Distributed k-connected fault-tolerant topology control algorithms with PSO in future autonomic sensor systems

Fault–tolerant topology control in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has drawn a significant amount of research interest and become a hot point. In this paper, we first propose a centralised k–connected fault–tolerant topology control algorithm with Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) called CKFTC–PSO. In CKFTC–PSO, we take both issues of node failure and power efficiency into consideration and give the mathematical model of k–connected fault–tolerant topology control problem. Inspired by physics of Genetic Algorithm (GA), the principles of mutation and crossover operator in GA are incorporated into the proposed CKFTC–PSO algorithm to achieve a better diversity and break away from local optima. Based on CKFTC–PSO, we then propose a distributed k–connected fault–tolerant topology control algorithm with PSO called DKFTC–PSO. DKFTC–PSO has better performance than CKFTC–PSO in power–efficiency while preserve k–connectivity. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.