Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
This report describes a novel sharp cannulation technique to overcome a blocked superior vena cava, facilitating successful ICD lead implantation.
Blocked superior vena cava (SVC) presents a well-recognized problem for the implantation of device leads. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) leads pose a greater challenge than the pacing leads by requiring an adequate shock vector for successful defibrillation. We present here a novel technique of opening the blocked SVC to facilitate ICD lead implantation through the upper venous system.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Sadarmin et al. (2010) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: