Hyperthyroidism is not a single entity but at least 99% of cases are associated either with diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland (Graves's disease) or with nodular goitre (Plummer's disease). Before considering the former, I should like to mention that some of the rare but no less interesting causes of hyper- thyroidism are listed in table I.
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R Hoffenberg (1974) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 3 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: