Geometric programming solution of second degree difficulty for carbon ejection controlled reliable smart production system

Smart manufacturing systems should always aim to be fully sustainable while simultaneously being as reliable as possible which is difficult to reach. Furthermore, climate change especially by carbon emission in the industry is a significant topic and carbon emission should be controlled and reduced to save the environment. Contributing towards a greener environment in a positive manner is done by reducing the number of insufficient items that are produced in a smart production system which also can be reached with higher reliability in the system. Therefore, this study models a smart reliable production system with controlled carbon ejection. To solve the proposed smart production system in this study, a geometric programming approach with a degree of difficulty level two is used which results in optimum results that are quasi-closed. Furthermore, numerical experiments are conducted to validate the proposed model and prove that by using a higher degree geometric programming approach, an optimal solution is found. The numerical results do not only show optimal solutions but also that the smart production system with controlled carbon ejection is reliable.