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A circularly polarized (CP), small, beam-steerable antenna is realized using bent metalines. The antenna has the following features: (i) dual-band operation at low frequencyfLOW(wavelength λLOW) and at high frequencyfHIGH(wavelength λHIGH), (ii) a small antenna volume of less than 0.01λ3LOW, (iii) a small antenna height on the order of λLOW/100, (iv) a small conducting antenna footprint of 0.62λLOW× 0.49λLOW, and (v) a phased array antenna consisting of minimum array elements (two elements). Firstly, the antenna characteristics of straight and bent metalines are briefly summarized. Secondly, it is shown that an array antenna composed of two bent metalines forms a CP broadside beam atfLOWusing an equal-amplitude/in-phase excitation mode. This is also shown to be true atfHIGH. Thirdly, each of the obtained CP broadside beams atfLOWandfHIGHis steered within the H-plane. The array antenna is found to have a CP beam that is steerable across a region of θ = -40° to θ = +30° atfLOWand θ = -40° to θ = +25° atfHIGH, with an axial ratio of less than 3 dB. During the beam steering, the gain deviation from its maximum value is found to be small: 1.7 dB atfLOWand 1.4 dB atfHIGH.
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Nakano et al. (2022) studied this question.
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