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The principles of using radiating microstrip resonators as elements in a frequency scanning antenna array are described. The resonators are cascade-coupled. This gives a scan of the main lobe due to the phase-shift in the resonator in addition to that created by the transmission line phase-shift. Experimental results inX-band, in good agreement with the theory, show that it is possible to scan the main lobe an angle of±30 a variation of the frequency±300MHz, and where the 3 dB beamwidth is less than10. The directivity was 14.7 dB, while the gain was 8.1 dB. The efficiency might be improved by a trade-off between the efficiency and the scanning angle, or by using a better amplitude distribution.
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Danielsen et al. (1979) studied this question.
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