Needs assessment for mentally disordered offenders: measurement of ‘ability to benefit’ and outcome∗

BACKGROUND: The Department of Health defines needs as "the ability to benefit from healthcare interventions". Outcome measurement is an integral component of needs assessment because it underpins 'ability to benefit'. AIMS: To propose a framework for addressing the measurement of outcome in relation to mentally disordered offenders (MDOs). METHOD: Based on a literature search, the paper reviews the definition and measurement of outcome in general mental health care and specifically in relation to MDOs. It analyses the problems of conducting outcome research in relation to MDOs. RESULTS: A framework for outcome measurement in relation to MDOs is presented. Outcome is placed within a broader framework that relates to service evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: Current measurement of outcome in relation to MDOs is inadequate. A comprehensive framework that acknowledges the multi-dimensional nature of outcome is essential. Researchers must be able to justify the dimensions they prioritise.