Massive increase in monocyte HLA-DR expression can be used to discriminate between septic shock and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-induced shock

Clinical presentations of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and septic shock share many similarities, including multiple organ dysfunction and overall clinical and biological symptoms. However, these life-threatening conditions require specific and opposing treatments. Currently, no single biomarker is available to differentiate septic shock from HLH at patient admission