Trailblazing eco-friendly strategies for integrated quantification of cefixime and sodium benzoate using spectrophotometric and HPLC techniques

A green and sustainable analytical process involving the concurrent identification of cefixime (CEM) and sodium benzoate (SOM) was designed using RP-HPLC. Separation. This analysis was performed on a C18 column using a 0.014 M sodium acetate buffer (pH adjusted to 4.4 with glacial acetic acid) and ethanol in a 60:40 (v/v) mixture at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min and a wavelength of 254 nm. The method was found to be highly linear in the range of 0.05–80 μg/mL with sodium benzoate and 0.2–356.8 μg/mL with cefixime in the HPLC technique, and 5–30 μg/mL for both drugs in Mean Centering of Ratio Spectra (MCR) and Successive Derivative Ratio Spectra (SRDS) methods with correlation coefficients ( R 2 ) of 0.9999 each. In addition, water is used as a solvent. Complementary to chromatographic methods, spectrophotometric techniques, including MCR and SRDS, were explored as alternative, cost-effective, and more ecological techniques. All the processes exhibited reasonable accuracy and precision (RSD ≤ 2 %). The methods suggested are consistent with green and white analytical chemistry. They provide environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional ones and maintain strength, precision, and reliability in daily pharmaceutical analyses.