Work environments that negate counterproductive behaviors and foster organizational citizenship: Research-based recommendations for managers.

Past research has identified both employee characteristics and aspects of the work environment that can serve as antecedents to positive and negative workplace behavior. This article reviews research identifying the major factors that prompt both counterproductive work behaviors (CWB) and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). The dynamics of these relations are discussed, and possible approaches for workplace diagnosis and interventions designed to negate CWB and foster OCB are offered. A special focus on the implications of and possible interventions incorporating organizational justice are also presented.